Lub teeb yuag, ruaj khov fiber ntau-reinforced epoxy composites uas muaj iav fiber ntau los yog carbon fiber embedded nyob rau hauv ib tug polymer matrix yog cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo tseem ceeb rau kev tsim tsheb, nkoj, dav hlau, thiab cua turbine hniav.
Los ntawm 2025, kwv yees li 25,{2}} tons ntawm cua turbine hniav yuav ncav cuag lawv lub neej ua haujlwm txhua xyoo. Kev lig kev cai, cua turbine hniav tau nyuaj rau rov ua dua vim cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm epoxy, uas yog cov khoom siv elastic thiab suav tias yog cov khoom siv uas tsis tuaj yeem tawg rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv rov qab siv dua. Epoxy resins tsis yog biodegradable thiab tso cov pa roj carbon monoxide thaum hlawv, thaum kawg ua rau kev pov tseg yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau pov tseg.
Kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov cua turbine hniav tau raug txwv los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe vim nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab xav tias yuav siv los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, muaj qhov xav tau ceev ceev rau cov tswv yim siv tau rov ua dua tshiab rau epoxy resins thiab lawv cov khoom sib xyaw.
Cov txheej txheem tshiab tam sim no yog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj-ntawm-lub tswv yim ntawm cov tswv yim rov ua dua tshiab thiab tuaj yeem siv rau feem coob ntawm cov cua turbine uas twb muaj lawm thiab cov hniav tam sim no hauv kev tsim khoom, nrog rau lwm yam khoom siv epoxy.
Cov txiaj ntsig tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm tshawb fawb thawj coj Nature thiab Aarhus University, nrog rau Danish Institute of Technology, tau thov rau patent rau txheej txheem.
Tshwj xeeb, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias los ntawm kev siv A ruthenium-based catalyst thiab cov kuab tshuaj isopropanol thiab toluene, lawv tuaj yeem cais cov epoxy matrix thiab tso tawm ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem qub ntawm epoxy polymer, bisphenol A, thiab cov iav fiber ntau hauv ib txheej txheem.
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tam sim ntawd vim tias cov txheej txheem catalytic tsis muaj txiaj ntsig txaus rau kev siv lag luam - thiab ruthenium yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj thiab kim. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Aarhus University yog li ntawd txuas ntxiv txhim kho txoj kev.
"Txawm li cas los xij, peb pom qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem tsim kev lag luam ncig rau epoxy-raws li cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog thawj zaug tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj uas tuaj yeem xaiv decompose epoxy resin composites thiab cais ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. "Epoxy polymers, nrog rau cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm iav lossis carbon fibers, tsis ua rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej," said Troels Skrydstrup, ib tus thawj coj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no.
Troels Skrydstrup yog tus xibfwb ntawm Department of Chemistry thiab Center for Interdisciplinary Nanosciences (iNANO) ntawm Aarhus University. Kev tshawb fawb tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm CETEC project (Circular Economy for Thermoset Epoxy Composites), kev koom tes ntawm Vestas, Oilon, Danish Institute of Technology thiab Aarhus University.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv Ru-catalyzed dehydrogenation / bond breaking / txo tandem cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tawg cov C (alkyl)-O feem ntau hauv cov polymer, uas tuaj yeem siv los rhuav tshem C (alkyl)-O ib daim ntawv cog lus. nyob ib sab ntawm BPA matrix. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau qhia txog kev siv txoj hauv kev rau kev kho tsis tau amine-kho epoxy resins thiab cov khoom lag luam sib xyaw, suav nrog lub casing ntawm cua turbine hniav. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov tshuaj rov qab los ntawm cov thermoset epoxies thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua tau ua tau.
Kev sim catalytic deconstruction ntawm epoxy resin pom tias 81 feem pua ntawm BPA tuaj yeem rov qab tau tom qab 4 hnub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic.
Nrog rau txoj hauv kev dav dav uas tuaj yeem siv rau molecular decomposition ntawm amine-kho epoxies, cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tau tig los tshawb xyuas qhov kev siv ntawm cov txheej txheem rau decondification ntawm fiber ntau epoxies uas muaj fiber ntau los ntawm qhov hnyav feem pua ntxiv rau cov polymer matrix. Tom qab 3 hnub, cov composites kom meej meej sib cais rau hauv xoob fibers yam tsis muaj pretreatment. Decantation tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov; Tom qab ntxuav, 57wt feem pua ntawm cov pa roj carbon fiber tau zoo, thiab 13wt feem pua ntawm BPA raug cais tawm ntawm cov tshuaj.
Tom qab ntawd nws tau sim lub casing ntawm lub xeev-of-the-art retired cua turbine hniav. Cov qauv kev lag luam sib xyaw no tau ua kom zoo dua qub, ua rau 50wt feem pua iav fiber ntau thiab 19wt feem pua BPA.
Hauv kev xaus, rau cov khoom siv rov qab los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub neej sib xyaw, kev lag luam ncig tuaj yeem xav txog. Cov purified bisphenol A tau txais los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab tuaj yeem siv rov qab siv dua hauv cov saw hlau uas twb muaj lawm xws li epoxy resins, polycarbonate lossis polyester, hloov BPA qub uas ua los ntawm cov roj av feedstock. Cov kws tshawb fawb cov txheej txheem catalytic tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog ib qho pov thawj-ntawm-lub tswv yim, qhia tau hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev lag luam ncig rau cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam.
